Draw a farm on A4 paper. Add labels to describe and explain the different features. Share your work with the class.

FARMING TYPES

TASK 1: Add definitions of different farm types to your notes. Research one example of each and add these to your notes.

Farms can be categorised according to what is being grown or reared, the size of the operation and the agricultural techniques being used (Source).

Farming can be:

• sedentary or nomadic

• subsistence or commercial

• arable, pastoral or mixed

• extensive or intensive

Sedentary or nomadic?

• Sedentary farming is when a farm is based in the same location all the time.

• Nomadic farming is when a farmer moves from one place to another. This is common in some LICs.

Subsistence or commercial?

• Subsistence farming is when crops and animals are produced by a farmer to feed their family, rather than to take to market.

• Commercial farming is when crops and animals are produced to sell at market for a profit.

Arable, pastoral or mixed?

• Arable farms grow crops. Crops are plants that are harvested from the ground to be eaten or sold.

• Pastoral farms rear animals - either for animal by-products such as milk, eggs or wool, or for meat.

• Mixed farms grow crops and rear animals.

Extensive or intensive?

• Extensive farming is where a relatively small amount of produce is generated from a large area of farmland.

• Intensive farming is where a large amount of produce is generated from a relatively small area of land. Inputs will be high to achieve a high yield per hectare. Inputs could be either fertilisers, machines or labour.

THE FARMING SYSTEM

TASK 2: Copy this diagram to your notes and add 2 more examples for each box

CASE STUDY: AGRICULTURE IN SWITZERLAND

TASK 3: Watch the video below and answer the 10 questions below

Watch the video and answer the following questions:

1. What percentage of Switzerland's total area can be used for agriculture?

2. What type of crops are produced on the Central Plateau in Switzerland?

3. How has the diversity of agricultural production developed in recent years in Switzerland?

4. Why is international trade important for the agriculture sector in Switzerland?

5. Since when has production in Switzerland been subject to proof of ecological performance?

6. What challenges do farmers in Switzerland face, and what other activities do they rely on besides agriculture?

REVIEW

TASK 4: Test your knowledge of the key terms

TASK 1: Describe the global distribution of countries with > 35% chronic hunger as shown in the map. Refer to regions of continents and specific countries in your answer.

TASK 2: Open the interactive story below. Read the story and take screen shots of pages illustrating the global situation. Add these to a document

FAMINE

TASK 3: Read the text below and write a definition for famine

According to the United Nations humanitarian criteria, even if there are food shortages with large numbers of people lacking nutrition, a famine is declared only when certain measures of mortality, malnutrition and hunger are met.

The criteria are:

• At least 20% of households in an area face extreme food shortages with a limited ability to cope

• The prevalence of acute malnutrition in children exceeds 30%

• The death rate exceeds two people per 10,000 people per day

(Source)

CASE STUDY: FAMINE IN SOUTH SUDAN

TASK 4: Watch the video and note the main facts of this case study

TASK 5: Draw a sketch map to show the location of South Sudan in East Africa

FAMINE IN SOUTH SUDAN

TASK 6: Watch the video and answer the multiple choice questions below

1. Why are food and fuel prices soaring in South Sudan?

   A. Due to the war in Ukraine draining funding for aid organizations.

   B. Due to climate change causing flooding, drought, and famine.

   C. Due to an increase in demand for food and fuel in the region.

2. How many people in South Sudan are estimated to face a hunger crisis this summer?

   A. Over 10 million people.

   B. More than half the population, over 7 million people.

   C. About a quarter of the population, over 3 million people.

3. What is the current situation for Yabani Kong and her family in South Sudan?

   A. They are living off the crops they planted despite the flooding.

   B. They are surviving on WFP rations as their home was flooded and they cannot plant crops.

   C. They have access to plenty of food and do not need assistance from aid organisations.

4. What has the World Food Programme (WFP) been forced to do due to funding being slashed?

   A. Provide more aid than ever before.

   B. Perform humanitarian triage by cutting rations in half.

   C. Turn away those who need assistance.

TASK 7: Study the graphic below. List the natural and human causes of famine.

TASK 1: State and explain 2 human and 2 natural causes of famine

food aid

IMPORTANCE OF FOOD AID

TASK 2: Watch the two videos below and answer the questions in your notes

TYPES OF FOOD AID

TASK 3: Learn the vocabulary for different types of food aid below.

the green revolution

TASK 4: Read the text and write a summary in your notes.

The Green Revolution was a period of intensive research and technological development in agriculture that took place from the 1940s to the 1960s. Its primary goal was to increase food production and improve food security, particularly in developing countries. This was achieved through the development and use of high-yielding crop varieties (HYVs), along with the increased use of synthetic fertilisers, pesticides, and irrigation.

Two examples of the Green Revolution in action are:

1. Introduction of high-yielding wheat varieties in India.

   In the 1960s, a team of researchers led by American agronomist Norman Borlaug introduced high-yielding wheat varieties to India. These varieties were able to produce more grain per acre than traditional varieties, and they were also resistant to diseases such as rust. As a result, India's wheat production increased dramatically, from 12 million tons in 1965 to 30 million tons in 1970.

2. The use of fertilizer in Mexico.

   During the 1950s and 1960s, Mexican farmers began using synthetic fertilizers to increase the productivity of their crops. This allowed them to produce more food on less land, which helped to alleviate food shortages in the country. The use of fertilizer was combined with the development of high-yielding maize varieties, which also contributed to Mexico's increased food production during this time.

TASK 5: Take notes on the video. Complete the quiz.

TASK 6: Select and explain the top 3 advantages and disadvantages of the green revolution.

The Green Revolution Quiz

TASK 7: Test your knowledge of the green revolution using the quiz below.